Lesson 88 Trapped in a mine
Lesson 88 Trapped in a mine
中文
困在矿井中
6个人被困在矿井里已有17个小时了。
如果不把他们尽快救到地面上来，他们就有可能丧生。
然而，事实证明营救工作非常困难。
如果用炸药爆破，震动会引起矿顶塌落。
因此，营救人员在矿井的北侧钻了一个洞。
他们准备用一种特制的容器把这6个人救上来。
如果不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石，他们的营救工作仅用几个小时就可以完成了。
实际情况是，他们已连续钻了16个小时了，但离钻透还早着呢。
与此同时，两个小时以前放下井去的一只麦克风使井下的人可以与其亲属保持联系。
虽然他们的食物和饮料都快消耗尽了，但这些人的心情很好，坚信他们很快就会出去。
他们一直被告知营救工作进行得非常顺利。
如果他们知道了钻透那坚硬的岩石有多么困难，他们会丧失信心的。
英文
Trapped [træpt] in a mine [maɪn]
Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours.
If they are not brought [brɔːt] to the surface [ˈsɜːfɪs] soon they may lose their lives [laɪvz].
However, rescue operations are proving [ˈpruːvɪŋ] difficult.
If explosives [ɪkˈsplosɪv] are used, vibrations will case the roof of the mine to collapse [kəˈlæps].
Rescue workers are therefore drilling [drɪlɪŋ] a hole on the north side of the mine.
They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule.
If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours.
As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.
Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered [ˈloʊərd] into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest [kləusɪst] relatives [ˈrelətɪvz].
Though they are running out of food and drink, the man are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.
They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly.
If they knew how difficult it was to drill [drɪl] through the hard rock, they would lose [luːz] heart [hɑːt].
分析
Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours.
- simple sentence:
- six men
[subject] - have been trapped {propositional object}
[predicate verb phrase][present perfect tense][passive form of verb] - in a mine
[prepositional object phrase] - for seventeen hours
[adverbial of time]
- six men
- knowledge:
- trap + sth.① + in + sth.②
- v. 使...陷入...中; 阻止...离开...; 阻止...[逃出/摆脱]...; [抓到/当场发现]...(某人)在...(谎言/前后矛盾)之中
- for + ... + hour(s)
- prep. 持续了...个小时, 有...个小时
- trap + sth.① + in + sth.②
If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives.
- complex sentence:
- If they are not brought to the surface soon
- if + clause
- they
[subject] - are not brought {
[propositional object phrase]}[predicate verb phrase][past simple tense][passive form of verb] - to the surface
[prepositional object phrase] - soon
[adverbial]
- they
- if + clause
- they may lose their lives
- they
[subject] - may lose
[predicate verb phrase] - their lives
[object]
- they
- If they are not brought to the surface soon
However, rescue operations are proving/'pru:viŋ/ difficult.
- simple sentence:
- rescue operations
[subject] - are proving
[link verb] - difficult
[predicative][adjective]
- rescue operations
- knowledge:
- rescue + operation
- n. 营救作业
- rescue + operation
If explosives are used, vibrations will case the roof of the mine to collapse .
- complex sentence:
- If explosives are used
- if + clause
- explosive
[subject] - are used
[predicate verb phrase][passive form of verb][present simple tense]
- explosive
- if + clause
- vibrations will case the roof of the mine to collapse
- vibrations
[subject] - will cause
[predicate verb phrase][future simple tense] - the roof of the mine
[object] - to collapse
[adverbial of purpose]
- vibrations
- If explosives are used
Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.
- simple sentence:
- Rescue workers
[subject] - are drilling
[predicate verb phrase] - a hole
[object] - on the north side of the mine
[adverbial of place]
- Rescue workers
- knowledge:
- a + rescue + worker
- n. 救援人员, 救护人员, 救难人员
- drill + a + hole
- v. 钻孔
- a + rescue + worker
They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule .
- simple sentence:
- They
[subject] - intend to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to bring the man up
[to-do as object]- bring .. up
[verb phrase] - the man
[object]
- bring .. up
- in a special capsule
- They
- knowledge:
- intend + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 打算...(做某事)
- bring + sth. + up
- vt. 将...带至高处, 拿起..., 带...上[来/去], [拾起/抬起]...; 提升...[的数量]; 涨...(工资/津贴); 打开..
- intend + to + do. + (sth.)
If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil , they would have completed the job in a few hours.
- complex sentence:
- If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil
- if + clause
- there
[subject] - had not been
[be verb] - a hard layer of rock beneath the soil
[object]
- there
- if + clause
- they would have completed the job in a few hours.
- they
[subject] - would have completed
[predicate verb phrase] - the job
[object] - in a few hours
[adverbial of time]
- they
- If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil
- knowledge:
- beneath + sth.
- prep. [在/到/往]...[下方/下面]; 被...[隐藏/掩盖]; 受...[作用/控制/影响]下; 少于..., 低于..
- a + layer + of + sth.
- n. 一层...
- beneath + sth.
As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.
- compound sentence:
- As it is
- they have been drilling for sixteen hours
- they
[subject] - have been drilling
[predicate verb phrase][present perfect continuous tense] - for sixteen hours
[adverbial of time]
- they
- and
- they still have a long way to go
- they
[subject] - still have
[link verb] - a long way to go
[object]
- they
- knowledge:
- have + been. + doing.
- v. (完成进行时); 一直在...(做某事)
- have + a + long + way + to + go
- v. 有很长的路要走
- have + been. + doing.
Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives .
- complex sentence:
- meanwhile
- a microphone has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives.
- a microphone
[subject] - has enabled sth to do
[predicate verb phrase][present perfect tense] - the man
[indirect object] - to keep in touch with their closest relatives
[to-do as direct object]- keep int touch with
[predicate verb phrase] - their closest relatives
[object]
- keep int touch with
- a microphone
- which was lowered into the mine tow hours ago
- which
[subject] - was lowered
[past simple tense][passive form of verb] - into the mine
[adverbial of place] - two hours ago
[adverbial of time]
- which
- knowledge:
- lower + sth.
- vt. 放下, 降下, 减弱, 贬低
- lower + sth.
Though they are running out of food and drink, the man are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.
- compound sentence:
- Though they are running out of food and drink
- though
- they
[subject] - are running out of
[predicate verb phrase][present continuous tense] - food and drink
[object]
- the man are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.
- the man are cheerful
- the man
[subject] - are
[be verb] - cheerful
[predicative]
- the man
- and
- the man confident that they will get out soon.
- the man
[subject] - confident
[predicate verb phrase] - that they will get out soon
[object]- they
[subject] - will get out
[predicate verb phrase] - soon
[adverbial]
- they
- the man
- the man are cheerful
- Though they are running out of food and drink
- knowledge:
- run + out + of + sth.
- v. 从...中急忙[跑开/跑离], 快速离开...; 用完..., 耗尽...; 卖完...
- run + out + of + sth.
They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly.
- complex sentence:
- They have been told that
- they
[subject] - have been told
[predicate verb phrase][present perfect tense][passive form of verb] - that + clause
[object]
- they
- rescue operations are progressing smoothly
- rescue operations
[subject] - are progressing
[predicate verb phrase][present continuous tense] - smoothly
[adverbial]
- rescue operations
- They have been told that
- knowledge:
- tell + sth. + (that) 引导的宾语从句
- vt. 告诉, 说, 吩咐, 断定, 知道
- tell + sth. + (that) 引导的宾语从句
If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart .
- complex sentence:
- If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock
- if + clause
- they
[subject] - knew
[link verb] - how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock
[predicative][adjective]- it was to drill through the hard rock
[attribute clause]- it
[subject] - was to do
[be verb] - to drill through the hard rock
- drill through
[predicate verb phrase] - the hard rock
[object]
- drill through
- it
- it was to drill through the hard rock
- they would lose heart
- they
[subject] - would lose
[predicate verb phrase] - heart
[object]
- they
- If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock
- knowledge:
- be. + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 打算...(做某事); 必须...; 应该...; 如何...(用在疑问句中)
- 与现在事实相反的条件或结果
- If +
[subject]+ 动词的过去式，[subject]+ should could/might + 动词原形
- If +
- be. + to + do. + (sth.)
- rescue operations 营救工作
- they still have a long way to go
- keep in touch with 与....保持联系
- get in touch with 与...取得联系
- run out of 用完、用尽
- lose heart 失望、丧失信心
- prove + adj./ / n. 证明是、结果是
- therefore adv. 因此、所以
- intend to do sth 打算做某事
- enable sb to do sth vt. 使....能够