Lesson 82 Monster or fish

中文

是妖还是鱼?

渔夫和水手们有时声称自己看到过海里的妖怪。

虽然人们常常对水手们讲的故事付诸一笑，但现在看来，人们有时看到的这些“妖怪”很多不过是些奇怪的鱼。

一些异常的生物偶尔会被冲到岸上来，但它们在海上却极少能被捕到。

然而不久前，在马达加斯加附近的海里却捕到了一条奇怪的鱼。

一条小渔船被一条咬住钩的强壮的大鱼拖到了几英里以外的海面上。

那位渔民意识到这根本不是一条普通的鱼，于是千方百计不让它受到丝毫伤害。

当终于把它弄上岸后，人们发现它身长超过了13英尺。

它长着一个像马一样的头，有着大的蓝眼睛和闪闪发光的银色皮肤，还有一条鲜红色的尾巴。

此鱼叫桨鱼，被送进了博物馆，现正接受一位科学家的检查。

人们很少能看到活着的这类动物，因为它们生活在600英尺深的水下。

英文

Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim [kleɪm] to have seen monsters [ˈmɒnstəz] in the sea.

Though people have often laughed [lɑːft] at stories told by sea-men, it is now know that many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted [ˈsaɪtɪd] are simply strange fish.

Occasionally, unusual creatures [ˈkriːtʃəz] are washed [wɒʃt] to the shore, but they are rarely caught [kɔːt] out at sea.

Some time ago, however, a peculiar [pɪˈkjuːliə(r)] fish was caught near Madagascar [ˌmædəˈɡæskə(r)].

A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled [ˈpʊld] on the line.

Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort [ˈefət] not to damage it in any way.

When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long.

It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining [ˈʃaɪnɪŋ] sliver [ˈslɪvə(r)] skin [skɪn], and a bright red tail [teɪl].

The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is begin examined by a scientist [ˈsaɪəntɪst], it called an oarfish [ˈɔːfɪʃ].

Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth [depθ] of six hundred feet.

分析

Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.

• simple sentence:
  • Fishermen and sailors [subject]
  • sometimes [frequency adverbial]
  • claim to do [predicate verb phrase]
  • to have seen monsters [to-do as object]
  • in the sea [adverbial of place]
• knowledge:
  • claim + to + do. + (sth.)
  • in + the + sea
    • prep. 在海里

---

Though people have often laughed at stories told by sea-men, it is now know that many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish.

• complex sentence:
  • Though people have often laughed at stories told by sea-men:
    • though + [adverbial clause of concession]
      • people have often laughed at stories told by sea-men
        • people [subject]
        • often [frequency adverbial]
        • have laughed at [predicate verb phrase] [present perfect tense]
        • stories told by sea-men [object]
        • told by sea-men [attribute]
  • it is now know that many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish.
    • it is know that + [object clause]
    • now [adverbial of time]
    • many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish [object clause]
      • many of these 'monsters' are simply strange fish
        • many of these 'monsters' [subject]
        • are [be verb]
        • simply strange fish [object]
      • which have at time been sighted [attribute clause] => many of these 'monsters'
        • which [subject]
        • have been sighted [be verb] [present perfect tense]
        • at time [frequency adverbial]
• knowledge:
  • laugh + at + sth.
    • v. 嘲笑, 漠视, 因...发笑
  • tell + sth.① + by + sth.②
  • at + times
    • prep. 有时, 不时
  • many + of + sth.
    • n. 许多...

---

Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea.

• compound sentence:
  • Occasionally
  • unusual creatures are washed to the shore
    • unusual creatures [subject]
    • are washed [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
    • to the shore [subject complement]
  • but
  • they are rarely caught out at sea.
    • they [subject]
    • are caught [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
    • out at sea [subject complement]
• knowledge:
  • catch + sb. + out
  • at + sea

---

Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar.

• simple sentence:
  • some time ago [adverbial of time]
  • a peculiar fish [subject]
  • was caught [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
  • near Madagascar [adverbial of place]

---

A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line.

• complex sentence:
  • A small fishing boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish:
    • a small fishing boat [subject]
    • was carried [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
    • milles [subject]
    • out to sea [adverbial of place]
    • by the powerful fish [adverbial of manner]
  • as it pulled on the line:
    • as + clause
• knowledge:
  • pull + on + sth.
    • vt. 穿, 戴, 用力拉

---

Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way.

• complex sentence:
  • realizing that this was no ordinary fish
    • realizing that + clause [doing as adverbial clause of time]
    • this was no ordinary fish
  • the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way
    • the fisherman [subject]
    • made every effort not to do [predicate verb phrase]
    • to damage it [to-do as object]
    • in any way [adverbial of manner]
• knowledge:
  • make + every + effort + to + do.
  • in + any + way
    • prep. 以任何方式

---

When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long.

• complex sentence:
  • When it was eventually brought to shore:
    • when + [adverbial clause of time]
    • it was eventually brought to shore
      • it [subject]
      • was brought [predicate verb phrase] [past simple tense] [passive form of verb]
      • eventually [adverbial]
      • to shore [prepositional object phrase]
  • it was found to be over thirteen feet long
    • it [subject]
    • was found [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
    • to be over thirteen feet long [to-do as object]
  • knowledge:
    • bring + sth.① + to + sth.②
    • find + sth. + to + be. + ...
      • v. 发现...(某物)...; 发现...是...

---

It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining sliver skin , and a bright red tail.

• simple sentence:
  • It [subject]
  • had [predicate verb phrase]
  • a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shinning sliver skin, and a bright red tail [object]

---

The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is begin examined by a scientist , it called an .

• simplex sentence:
  • The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is begin examined by a scientist
    • This fish
    • which has since been sent to a museum where it is begin examined by a scientist [appositive clause]
      • which has since been sent to a museum
        • which [subject]
        • has been sent {[prepositional object phrase]} [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb] [present perfect tense]
        • to a museum [object]
      • where it is begin examined by a scientist
        • where + clause [adverbial clause of place]
        • it [object]
        • is begin examined [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
        • by a scientist [adverbial of manner]
  • it called an oarfish
    • it [subject]
    • called [predicate verb phrase] [past simple tense]
    • an oarfish [object]

---

Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.

• complex sentence:
  • such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man
    • such creatures [subject]
    • have rarely been seen [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
    • alive [subject complement]
    • by man [adverbial of manner]
  • as they live at a depth of six hundred feet
    • as + clause [adverbial clause of cause]
    • they [subject]
    • live at [predicate verb phrase]
    • a depth of six hundred feet [prepositional object phrase]

---

• at times 有时
• out at sea 在远海
• no ordinary fish 不是普通的鱼
• made every effort
• laugh at 嘲笑
• It + [be verb] + 过去分词 + that从句
  • It is said that
  • It is reported that
  • It is believed that
  • It has been found that
• at times = sometimes adv.有时，间或