Lesson 81 Escape

中文

逃脱

那个战俘杀死卫兵以后，迅速地把尸体拖进了灌木丛。

他在黑暗中忙活了一阵儿，很快就换上了死者的衣服。

现在他身穿蓝军装，肩扛步枪，在军营门前大胆地来回走看。

他听得军营里面的喧闹声。

那里灯火通明，人们在东奔西跑：他们刚刚发现有一个俘虏跑了。

正在此时，一辆黑色大轿车在军营门口停了下来。里面坐了4个军官。

军官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。

他们走后，汽车司机向他走来，这人显然是想聊天。

他上了年纪，有着灰白的头发和明亮的蓝眼睛。

战俘为他感到惋惜，但却没有别的选择。

当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他打倒在地。

然后跳进车里，以最快的速度把车开走了。

英文

Escape [ɪˈskeɪp]

When he had killed [kɪld] the guard [ɡɑːd], the prisoner [ˈprɪz(ə)nə(r)] of war [wɔː(r)] quickly dragged [dræɡd] him into the bushes [bʊʃɪz].

Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes [kləʊðz].

Now, dressed [drest] in a blue uniform and with a rifle [ˈraɪf(ə)l] over his shoulder [ˈʃəʊldə(r)], the prisoner marched [mɑːtʃ] boldly [ˈbəʊldli] up and down in front of the camp [kæmp].

He could hear shouting in the camp itself.

Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered [dɪˈskʌvəd] that a prisoner had escaped [ɪˈskeɪpt].

At that moment, a large black car with four officers [ˈɒfɪsəz] inside it, stopped at the camp gates.

The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted [səˈluːtɪd] as they passed.

When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him.

The man obviously [ˈɒbviəsli] wanted to talk.

He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes.

The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do.

As the man came near, the prisoner knocked [nɒkt] him to the ground with a sharp blow.

Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.

分析

When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes .

• complex sentence:
  • When he had killed the guard
    • when + clause [adverbial clause of time]
    • he [subject]
    • had killed [predicate verb phrase]
    • the guard [object]
  • the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes
    • the prisoner of war [subject]
    • quickly [adverbial]
    • dragged sb. into sth. [predicate verb phrase]
    • him [direct object]
    • the bushes [prepositional object phrase]
• knowledge:
  • prisoner + of + war
    • n. 战俘
  • drag + sth.① + into + sth.②

---

Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes.

• complex sentence:
  • Working rapidly in the darkness [doing as adverbial of time]
    • work [verb]
    • rapidly [adverbial of manner]
    • in the darkness [adverbial of place]
  • he soon changed into the dead man's clothes
    • he [subject]
    • soon [adverbial]
    • changed into [predicate verb phrase]
    • the dead man's clothes [object]
• knowledge:
  • change + into + sth.
    • v. 变成

---

Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder , the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp .

• complex sentence:
  • dressed in a blue uniform and with rifle over his shoulder [done as adverbial of manner]
  • the prisoner marched boldly up and down in the front of the camp
    • the prisoner [subject]
    • marched [predicate verb phrase]
    • boldly [adverbial of manner]
    • up and down [object]
    • in the front of the camp [adverbial of place]

---

He could hear shouting in the camp itself.

• simple sentence:
  • He [subject]
  • could hear [predicate verb phrase]
  • shouting [doing as object]
  • in the camp [adverbial of place]
  • itself [adverbial of accompany]

---

Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped .

• simple sentence:
  • Lights were blazing and man were running here and there
    • lights were blazing
      • lights
      • were blazing 现在进行时
    • and
    • man were running here and there
      • man
      • were running
      • here and there 地点状语后置
  • They had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped
    • they [subject]
    • had just discovered [predicate verb phrase] [past perfect tense]
    • that a prisoner had escaped [object clause]
    • a prisoner had escaped
      • a prisoner
      • had escaped

---

At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates.

• complex sentence:
  • At that moment [adverbial of time]
  • a large black car with four officers inside it stopped at the camp gates
    • a large black car with four officers inside it [subject]
    • stopped [predicate verb phrase]
    • at the camp gates [adverbial of place]
• knowledge:
  • stop + at + sth.
    • v. (按常规)在...处停下; 延伸到...为止; 中途歇宿于...; 造访

---

The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.

• compound sentence:
  • the officers got out
    • the officers [subject]
    • got out [predicate verb phrase]
  • and
  • the prisoner stood to attention and saluted
    • the prisoner [subject]
    • stood to attention and saluted [predicate verb phrase]
  • as they passed [adverbial clause of time]

---

When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him.

• complex sentence:
  • When they had gone
    • when + clause [adverbial clause of time]
    • they had gone
  • the driver of the car came towards him
    • the driver of the car
    • came {介词短语} [predicate verb phrase]
    • towards him [prepositional object phrase]

---

The man obviously wanted to talk.

• simple sentence:
  • The man [subject]
  • obviously
  • wanted to do [predicate verb phrase]
  • to talk [to-do as object]
• knowledge:
  • want + to + do. + (sth.)
    • v. 想要...(做某事)

---

He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes.

• simple sentence:
  • He [subject]
  • was [be verb]
  • rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes [predicative] [adjective]
• knowledge:
  • rather
    • adv. 宁可, 稍微, 相当
  • elderly
    • adj. 过了中年的, 稍老的

---

The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do.

• compound sentence:
  • The prisoner felt sorry for him
    • the prisoner [subject]
    • felt [link verb]
    • sorry for him [predicative] [adjective]
  • but
  • there was nothing else he could do
    • there was [there be]
    • nothing else he could do [real subject]
      • he could do [attributive clause] => nothing else
• knowledge:
  • feel + sorry + for + sth.
    • v. 对...感到懊悔, 对...感到遗憾, 为...感到惋惜, 对...感到怜悯
  • There + be. + sth.
    • sent. 有..., 存在...

---

As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow .

• complex sentence:
  • as the man came near
    • as + clause [adverbial clause of time]
    • the man came near
  • the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow
    • the prisoner [subject]
    • knocked {[prepositional object phrase]}
    • him [object]
    • to the ground [prepositional object phrase]
    • with a sharp blow [adverbial of accompany]

---

Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.

• complex sentence:
  • Then
  • jumping into the car [doing as adverbial of manner]
  • he drove off as quickly as he could
    • he [subject]
    • drove off [prepositional object phrase]
    • as quickly as he could
      • as quickly as + clause [adverbial clause of comparison]
      • he could
• knowledge:
  • as + adv. + as + 比较状语从句

---

• stand to attention
• here and there
• up and down 来回、前后
• the prisoner of war - POW
• When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of was quickly dragged him ino the bushes