Lesson 75 SOS
Lesson 75 SOS
中文
呼救信号
不久前，一架轻型客机偏离了航线，在山区坠毁，飞行员丧生。
机上仅有的乘客，一位年轻的妇女和她的两个女婴却平安无事。
此时正值隆冬季节，地上积着厚厚的雪。
这位妇女知道，即使最近的村庄也有数英里远。
天黑下来的时候，她把提箱当作小床，把两个孩子放了进去，又把所有能找到的衣服都盖在了孩子们身上。
夜里，天冷得厉害。
这位妇女尽可能地靠近孩子，甚至自己也想钻进箱子里去，只是箱子太小了。
第二天一大早，她听到头顶上有飞机飞过，但不知道怎样才能发个信号。
后来她有了一个主意。
她在雪地上踩出了“SOS”这3个字母。
幸运得很，一位飞行员看到这个信号，用无线电给最近的城镇发了报。
不久，一架直升飞机飞抵飞机失事现场，来搭救这几个幸存者。
英文
When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed [kræʃt] in the mountains and it pilot [ˈpaɪlət] was killed.
The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt.
It was the middle of winter. Snow lay thick on the ground.
The woman knew that the nearest [ˈnɪərɪst] village was miles away.
When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find.
During the night, it got terribly cold.
The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small.
Early next morning, she heard planes passing overhead [ˌəʊvəˈhed] and wondered how she could send a signal.
Then she had an idea.
She stamped [stæmpt] out the letters "SOS" in the snow.
Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town.
It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene [siːn] to rescue the survivors [sərˈvaɪvər] of the plane crash.
分析
When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.
- complex sentence:
- When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago
- when + clause
[adverbial clause of time] - a light passenger plane
[subject] - flew off
[predicate verb phrase] - course
[object] - some time ago
[adverbial of time]
- when + clause
- it crashed in the mountains
- it
[subject] - crashed
[predicate verb phrase][past simple tense] - in the mountains
[adverbial of place]
- it
- and
[conjunction] - its pilot was killed.
- its pilot
[subject] - was killed
[predicate verb phrase][passive form of verb]
- its pilot
- When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago
The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt.
- simple sentence
- The only passengers
[subject] - were
[be verb] - unhurt
[predicative][adjective] - a young woman and her two baby daughters
[appositive]
- The only passengers
It was the middle of winter.
- simple sentences:
- It
[subject] - was
[be verb] - the middle of winter
[predicative][noun phrase]
- It
- knowledge:
- a + middle + of + sth. sth. 当前为 winter.
Snow lay thick on the ground.
- simple sentence:
- Snow
[subject] - lay {
[prepositional object phrase]}[predicate verb phrase] - on the ground
[prepositional object phrase]
- Snow
- knowledge:
- thick + on + the + ground n. 遍地皆是
- thick/thin on the ground
- (British English) if people or things are thick/thin on the ground, there are a lot/not many of them in a place
- Customers are thin on the ground at this time of year.
- Security officers were thick on the ground during the King’s visit.
The woman knew that the nearest village was milles away.
- complex sentence:
- the woman
[subject] - knew
[past simple tense]``[predicate verb phrase] - that the nearest village was milles away
[object clause]- the nearest village
[subject] - was
[be verb] - milles away
[predicative][noun phrase]
- the nearest village
- the woman
When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find.
- complex sentences:
- When it grew dark
- when + clause
[adverbial clause of time] - it
[subject] - grew
[link verb] - dark
[predicative][adjective]
- when + clause
- she turned a suitcase into a bed
- she
[subject] - turned sth. into sth.
[predicate verb phrase] - a suitcase
[direct object] - a bed
[prepositional object phrase]
- she
- and
- she put the children inside it
- she
[subject] - put sth. inside sth.
[predicate verb phrase] - the children
[direct object] - a bed
[prepositional object phrase]
- she
- covering them with all the clothes she could find.
- covering them with all the clothes
[doing as adverbial of accompany]- cover sth. with sth.
[predicate verb phrase] - them
[direct object] - all the clothes
[prepositional object phrase] - she could find
[attributive clause]=> clothes
- cover sth. with sth.
- covering them with all the clothes
- When it grew dark
During the night, it got terribly cold.
- simple sentence:
- During the night
[adverbial of time] - it
[subject] - got
[link verb] - terribly
[adverbial] - cold
[predicative][adjective]
- During the night
The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small.
- compound sentence:
- The woman kept as near as she could to the children
- The woman
[subject] - kept
[link verb] - as near as she could to the children
[predicative]- as + adj. + as +
[adverbial clause of comparison] - she could to the children
- as + adj. + as +
- The woman
- and
- The woman even tried to get into the case herself
- the woman
[subject] - even
[adverbial] - tried {to do}
[predicate verb phrase] - to get into the case herself
[to-do as object]
- the woman
- but
- it was too small
- it
[subject] - was
[be verb] - too small
[predicative][adjective]
- it
- The woman kept as near as she could to the children
- knowledge:
- get + into + sth. v. 进入...; 到达...; 穿上...; 被选进...; 熟悉...; 着迷于...
- try + to + do. + (sth.) v. 试着...; 尽力...
- too + adj. adj. 太...; 过于..
Early next morning, she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal.
- compound sentence:
- Early next morning
[adverbial of time] - she heard planes passing overhead
- she
[subject] - heard
[predicate verb phrase] - planes passing overhead
[object]
- she
- and
- she wondered how she could send a signal
- she
[subject] - wondered
[predicate verb phrase] - how + clause
[object clause]- she could send a signal
- she
[subject] - could send
[predicate verb phrase] - a signal
[object]
- she
- she could send a signal
- she
- Early next morning
Then she had an idea.
- simple sentence:
- then
- she
[subject] - had
[predicate verb phrase] - an idea
[object]
She stamped out the letter "SOS" in the snow.
- simple sentence:
- she
[subject] - stamped out
[predicate verb phrase] - the letter "SOS"
[object] - in the snow
[adverbial of place]
- she
- knowledge:
- stamp + out + sth. vt. 扑灭, 踩灭
- in + the + snow prep. 在雪地里
Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town.
- compound sentence:
- Fortunately 副词
- a pilot saw the signal
- a pilot
[subject] - saw
[predicate verb phrase] - the signal
[object]
- a pilot
- and
- a pilot sent a message by radio to the nearest town
- a pilot
[subject] - send sth. {to sth}
[predicate verb phrase] - a message
[direct object] - by radio
[adverbial of manner] - to the nearest town
[prepositional object phrase]
- a pilot
It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.
- complex sentences:
- a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash
- a helicopter
[subject] - arrived on
[predicate verb phrase] - the scene
[object] - to rescue the survivors of the plane crash
[adverbial of purpose]
- a helicopter
- a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash
- knowledge:
- It + is + long + before + 状语从句
- fly off course 飞机偏离航线
- stamp out 踩出。
- some time 一段时间
- sometime 某个时间
- sometimes 有时候
- heard + sb + do sth/ doing. sth
- by
- 'I've just arrived by train' she said。表示通过方式、方法
- It was bought by my grandfather 表示被动语态，被谁做
- They told stories and sang songs by the campfire。表示在旁边
- Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this years. 表示截止到什么时间
- It cleared the mountain by 400 feet. 表示差额