Lesson 69 But not murder
Lesson 69 But not murder
中文
并非谋杀
我第3次接受驾驶执照考试。
按照要求在车辆拥挤的路上驾驶，我圆满地完成了。
在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始有了信心。
确信我已通过考试，所以我几乎开始喜欢起这次考试。
主考人对我的驾驶想必是满意的。
因为他微笑着说：“埃姆斯先生，只剩1项了。让我们假设一个小孩子突然在你前面穿过马路。我一敲车窗，你必须把车停在5英尺之内。”
我继续往前开着。过了一会儿，主考人砰砰地敲了起来。
虽然声音听得很清楚，但我过了好一会儿才作出反应。
我突然用力踩紧刹车踏板，结果我俩的身体都向前冲去。
主考人伤心地看着我。
“埃姆斯先生，”他以悲伤的声调说，“你刚刚把那个小孩压死了！”
Eames
英文
I was being tested for a driving [ˈdraɪvɪŋ] license [ˈlaɪsns] for the third [θɜːd] time.
I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.
After having been instructed [ɪnˈstrʌktɪd] to drive out of town, I began to acquire [əˈkwaɪə(r)] confidence [ˈkɒnfɪdəns].
Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.
The examiner [ɪɡˈzæmɪnə(r)] must have been pleased [pliːzd] with my performance [pəˈfɔːməns].
For he smiled and said:
"Just one more thing, Mr.Eames [iːmz]. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet."
I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped [tæpt] loudly.
Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react.
I suddenly pressed the brake [breɪk] pedal [ˈped(ə)l] hard and we were both thrown forward [ˈfɔːwəd].
The examiner looked at me sadly. 'Mr.Eames,' he said, in a mournful [ˈmɔːnfl] voice, 'you have just killed that child [tʃaɪld] !'
分析
I was being tested for a driving license for the third time.
- simple sentence:
- I
[subject] - was being tested for
[predicate verb phrase][passive form of verb][past continuous tense] - a driving license
[object] - for the third time
[frequently adverbial]
- I
I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.
- compound sentence:
- I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic
- I
[subject] - had been asked to do
[predicate verb phrase][past perfect tense][passive form of verb] - to drive in heavy traffic
[to-do as object]- drive {}
[verb phrase] - in heavy traffic
[propositional object]
- drive {}
- I
- and
- I had done so successfully
- I
[subject] - had done
[predicate verb phrase][past perfect tense] - so successfully
[adverbial]
- I
- I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic
- knowledge:
- ask + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. [要求/叫/让/请]...(某人)...(做某事)
- drive + in + sth.
- vt. 驶进; 打入; 强行灌输; 敲进
- ask + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence .
- complex sentence:
- After having been instructed to drive out of town
- after + clause
[adverbial of time] - I
[subject] - had been instructed to do
[predicate verb phrase][passive form of verb][past perfect tense] - to drive out of town
[to-do as object]- drive out of
[predicate verb phrase] - town
[object]
- drive out of
- after + clause
- I began to acquire confidence
- I
[subject] - began to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to acquire confidence
[to-do as object]- acquire
[verb phrase] - confidence
[object]
- acquire
- I
- After having been instructed to drive out of town
- knowledge:
- After having been instructed to drive out of town
- 介词after后接动名词完成式的被动结构，整个介词短语作为时间状语，相当于一个状语从句
- instruct + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. [命令/指示/吩咐]...(某人)...(做某事)
- After having been instructed to drive out of town
Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.
- complex sentence:
- (Being) Sure that I had passed
- (Being) sure
- that I had passed
- I
[subject] - had passed
[predicate verb phrase][present perfect tense]
- I
- I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.
- I
[subject] - almost
[adverbial] - was beginning to do
[predicate verb phrase][past continuous tense] - to enjoy my test
[to-do as object]- enjoy
[predicate verb phrase] - my test
[object]
- enjoy
- I
- (Being) Sure that I had passed
- knowledge:
- be. + sure + (that) 引导的宾语从句
The examiner must have been pleased with my performance , for he smiled and said, 'Just one more thing, Mr.Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.'
- compound sentence:
- The examiner must have been pleased with my performance
- the examiner
[subject] - must have been pleased with
[predicate verb phrase] - my performance
[object]
- the examiner
- for he smiled
- for + clause
- he smiled
- and
- he said, 'Just one more thing, Mr.Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.'
- he said
- Just one more thing, Mr.Eames.Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.
- Just one more thing, Mr.Eames
- Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you.
- Let
[predicate verb phrase] - us
[subject] - suppose
[predicate verb phrase] - that a child suddenly crossed the road in front of you
[object clause]- a child
[subject] - suddenly
[adverbial] - crossed
[predicate verb phrase] - the road
[object] - in front of you
[adverbial of place]
- a child
- Let
- As soon as I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.
- As soon as I tap on the window
- as soon as + clause
[adverbial of time] - I
[subject] - tap
[predicate verb phrase] - on the window
[adverbial of place]
- as soon as + clause
- you must stop within five feet
- you
[subject] - must stop
[predicate verb phrase] - within five feet
[adverbial of manner]
- you
- As soon as I tap on the window
- The examiner must have been pleased with my performance
- knowledge:
- be. + pleased + with + sth.
- 对...喜欢, 满意于
- tap + on + sth.
- v. 轻轻叩打, 轻敲, 轻拍
- be. + pleased + with + sth.
I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly.
- compound sentence:
- I continued driving
- I
[subject] - continued doing
[predicate verb phrase] - driving
[object]
- I
- and
- after some time, the examiner tapped loudly.
- after some time
[adverbial of time] - the examiner tapped loudly
- the examiner
[subject] - tapped
[predicate verb phrase] - loudly
[adverbial]
- the examiner
- after some time
- I continued driving
Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react.
- complex sentence:
- Though the sound could be heard clearly
- though + clause
[adverbial clause of concession ] - the sound
[subject] - could be heard
[predicate verb phrase][passive form of verb] - clearly
[adverbial]
- though + clause
- it took me a long time to react
- it
[subject] - took
[predicate verb phrase] - me
[object] - a long time
[object complement] - to react
[adverbial of purpose]
- it
- Though the sound could be heard clearly
I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward .
- compound sentence:
- I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard
- I
[subject] - suddenly
[adverbial] - pressed
[predicate verb phrase] - the brake pedal hard
[object]
- I
- and
- we were both thrown forward
- we both
[subject] - were thrown forward
[passive form of verb][predicate verb phrase]
- we both
- I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard
- knowledge:
- brake + pedal
- n. [化] 刹车踏板
- brake + pedal
The examiner looked at me sadly. 'Mr.Eames,' he said, in a mournful voice, 'you have just killed that child !'
- simple sentence:
- The examiner looked at me sadly.
- the examiner
[subject] - looked at
[predicate verb phrase] - me
[object] - sadly
[adverbial]
- the examiner
- in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child !
- in a mournful voice
[adverbial of manner] - you
[subject] - have just killed
[present perfect tense] - that child
[object]
- in a mournful voice
- The examiner looked at me sadly.
- The examiner must have been pleased.
- must + have +过去分词，表示对过去的推测。
- instruct sb to do sth
- instruction
- suppose
- Let us suppose that
- be supposed to do 被假设做某事，应该所某事
- should to do 一个人的责任和义务
- 被动语态：
- be + done:
- be 被动的时间
- done 被动的动作
- be + done:
- having been done 非
[predicate verb phrase]- 已经有动词了，其他动词降半级
- 被动，发生在先，