Lesson 68 Persistent
Lesson 68 Persistent
中文
纠缠不休
我穿过马路以便避开他，但他看到我并朝我跑过来。
若再装作没看见他已是没有用了，我只好向他招手。
我就怕遇到奈杰尔.戴克斯。
他从来都是无事可做，不管你多忙，他总是坚持要跟你去。
我得想办法不让他整个上午缠着我。
“你好，奈杰尔，想不到在这儿见到你。”我说。
“你好，伊丽莎白，”奈杰尔回答说，“我正不知道怎么消磨这一上午呢，正好见到好。你不忙，是吗？”
“不，不忙，我打算去......”我回答。
“我跟你一道去行吗？”没等我说完话他就问道。
“没关系，但我准备去牙医那里。”我说了个谎。
“那我也跟你去，候诊室里总有很多东西可供阅读！”他回答。
英文
I crossed [krɒst] the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him.
I never enjoy meeting Nigel [ˈnaɪdʒəl] Dykes [daɪks].
He never has anything to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you.
I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.
"Hello, Nigel" I said "Fancy [ˈfænsi] meeting you here!"
"Hi, Elizabeth [ɪˈlɪzəbəθ]" Nigel answered. "I was just wondering [ˈwʌndərɪŋ] how to spend the morning - until I saw you, You're not busy doing anything, are you?"
"No, not at all" I answered, "I'm going to ..."
"Would you mind my coming with you?" he asked, before I had finished speaking.
"Not at all" I lied, "but I'm going to the dentist"
"Then I'll come with you" he answered "There's always plenty [ˈplenti] to read in the waiting room!"
分析
I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
- compound sentence:
- I crossed the street to avoid meeting him
- I
[subject] - crossed
[predicate verb phrase] - the street
[object] - to avoid meeting him
[to-do as adverbial of purpose]
- I
- but
- he saw me and came running towards me.
- he saw me
- and
- he came running towards me.
- he
[subject] - came
[predicate verb phrase] - running towards me
[doing as adverbial of manner]
- he
- I crossed the street to avoid meeting him
- knowledge:
- came running towards me
- running 是现在分词，做状语，表示情况。
- come + prep. + sth.
- vi. 过来..., 来..., 到达..., 出现..., 开始...
- cross + the + street
- v. [网络] 过马路; 过街; 穿过街道
- avoid + doing. + (sth.)
- v. 避免...; 防止...
- 非谓语的用法如何总结？
- 1、非谓语的含义：除了谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语。
- 2、非谓语有四种形态，分别是：不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
- 3、不定式基本形式是to do（表示将来）；被动式是to de done ；进行式是to be doing ；完成时是to have done ；完成被动式是to have been done ；完成进行式是to have been doing 。 在句子中可以做主语、宾语、补语、定语、表语和状语。
- 4、动名词基本形式是doing（表示主动）；被动式是being done ；完成式是having done ；完成被动式是having been done 。 在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语和定语。
- 5、现在分词基本形式是doing（表示主动和进行）；被动式是being done ；完成式是having done ；完成被动式是having been done 。 在句子中可以作表语、定语、状语和补语。
- 6、过去分词基本形式是done ，及物动词的过去分词表示被动或者完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或者完成。
- came running towards me
It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him.
- compound sentence:
- It was no use pretending that I had not seen him
- it was no use
- pretending
[v-ding as real subject] - that I had not seen him
[attributive clause]
- so I waved to him.
- I
[subject] - waved
[predicate verb phrase] - to him
[adverbial of purpose]
- I
- It was no use pretending that I had not seen him
- knowledge:
- It + is + no + use + doing. + (sth.)
- It was no use pretending 装作...是没有用了。
- 在这句话中，it是先行词，实际上主语是 pretending that I had not seen him.
I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.
- simple sentence:
- I
[subject] - never
[frequently adverb] - enjoy doing
[predicate verb phrase] - meeting Nigel Dykes
[doing as object]
- I
- knowledge:
- enjoy + doing. + (sth.)
- v. [喜欢/喜爱]...(做某事); 享受...的乐趣; 乐于...
- enjoy + doing. + (sth.)
He never has anything to do.
- simple sentence:
- He
[subject] - never
[frequently adverb] - has
[predicate verb phrase] - anything to do
[object]- to do
[attributive]
- to do
- He
No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you.
- complex sentence:
- No matter how busy you are
[adverbial clause of concession] - he always insists on coming with you
- he
[subject] - always
[frequently adverb] - insists on
[predicate verb phrase] - coming with you
[doing as object]
- he
- No matter how busy you are
- knowledge:
- no + matter + sth.
- prep. 不管..., 不论..., 无论...
- No matter how busy you are 让步状语从句
- no matter 常与how when where what
- insist + on + sth.
- v. 坚持..., 坚决要求...
- come + with + sth.
- v. 与...一起来; 伴随...一起发生
- No matter how busy you are. 让步状语从句。
- no matter 常与how / when / where / what / who 等以引导的从句相连，表示无论
- no + matter + sth.
I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.
- complex sentence:
- I
[subject] - had to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to think of a way of preventing him from following me around
[to-do as object]- think of
[verb phrase] - a way of preventing him from following me around all morning
[object]- preventing him from following me around all morning
[doing as attributive]- prevent ... from ..
[verb phrase] - him
[object] - following me around
[object] - all morning
[adverbial of time]
- prevent ... from ..
- preventing him from following me around all morning
- think of
- I
- knowledge:
- have + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 必须..., 不得不..., 只好...
- think + of + ways
- v. 想办法, 想方设法
- prevent + sth.① + from + doing. + (sth.)
- think of 想出
- a way of ....的方法
- think of a way of ..... 想出什么办法
- prevent sb from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
- have + to + do. + (sth.)
'Hello, Nigel' I said. 'Fancy meeting you here!'
- simple sentence:
- knowledge:
- Fancy meeting you here?
- Fancy meeting + 动作，对什么表示惊奇
- Fancy doing
- Fancy meeting you here?
'Hi, Elizabeth' Nigel answered.
'I was just wondering how to spend the morning - until I saw you. You're not busy doing anything, are you?'
- complex sentence:
- I was just wondering how to spend the morning - until I saw you.
- I
[subject] - was just wondering
[predicate verb phrase][past continuous tense] - how to spend the morning
[object clause]
- I
- until I saw you
- until + clause
[adverbial clause of time] - I saw you
- until + clause
- You're not busy doing anything, are you?
- you
[subject] - are
[be verb] - not busy doing anything
[predicative][adjective]- busy doing
[verb phrase] - doing anything
[doing as object]
- busy doing
- you
- I was just wondering how to spend the morning - until I saw you.
- knowledge:
- be. + busy + doing. + (sth.)
- do + anything
- v. 做任何事
- You're not busy doing anything, are you?
- 反意疑问句，由陈述句加上简略疑问句构成的。
- 如果陈述句是肯定的，那么疑问句用否定形式；反之，陈述句时的，疑问句用肯定形式。
'No, not at all' I answered. 'I'm going to..'
'Would you mind my coming with you?' he asked, before I had finished speaking.
- simple sentence:
- Would you mind my coming with you?
- he asked, before I had finished speaking
- he asked
- before I had finished speaking
- before + clause
[adverbial clause of time] - I
[subject] - had finished
[past perfect tense] - speaking
[doing as object]
- before + clause
- knowledge:
- Would you mind my coming with you?
- my 是动名词coming的逻辑主语
- Would you mind 用于征求意见的句型
- Would you mind closing the window?
- come + with + sth.
- v. 与...一起来; 伴随...一起发生
- Would you mind my coming with you?
'Not at all' I lied, 'but I'm going to the dentist.'
- simple sentence:
- I
[subject] - am going {
[propositional object phrase]}[predicate verb phrase] - to the dentist
[to-do as object]
- I
'Then I'll come with you,' he answered.
- simple sentence:
- Then
- I
[subject] - will come
[predicate verb phrase] - with you
[adverbial of accompany]
- knowledge:
- come + with + sth.
- v. 与...一起来; 伴随...一起发生
- come + with + sth.
'There's always plenty to read in the waiting room!'
- simple sentence:
- There's
[there be] - always plenty to read in the waiting room
[real subject]
- There's
- knowledge:
- 英语中有一种表示“什么地方或时间存在什么事物”的“存在”句型，常用“there +be +名词+地点（时间）状语”结构。 句子最后为表示地点和时间的状语。
- 常见的完整there be句型如下： There be + sth. + 地点/时间/状态. 其中地点/时间/状态可以存在一个或多个，也可以仅仅只是There be + sth.。
- the waiting room
- insist on doing sth = persist in doing sth 坚持要求做某事················