Lesson 67 Volcanoes
Lesson 67 Volcanoes
中文
火山
波兰科学家哈罗恩.塔捷耶夫花了毕生的精力来研究世界各地的活火山和探洞。
1948年他去了刚果的基伍湖，对一座后来被他命名为基图罗的新火山进行观察。
当火山正在猛烈地喷发时，塔捷耶夫有办法把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。
尽管他设法拍了一些十分精彩的照片，但他却不能在火山附近停留太长的时间。
他发现有一股岩浆正向他流过来，眼看就要将他团团围住，但塔捷耶夫还是设法及时逃离了。
他等到火山平静下来，两天以后又返回去。
这次他设法爬进了基图罗火山口，以便能拍摄照片和测试温度。
塔捷耶夫经常冒这样的生命危险。
他能告诉我们的有关活火山的情况比任何在世的人都要多。
英文
Haroun Tazieff, the Polish [ˈpəʊlɪʃ] scientist [ˈsaɪəntɪst], has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world.
In 1948, he went to Lake [leɪk] Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.
Tazieff was able to set up his camp [kæmp] very close to the volcano while it was erupting [ɪˈrʌpt] violently.
Though he managed to take a number of brilliant [ˈbrɪliənt] photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long.
He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatened [ˈθret(ə)nd] to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape [ɪˈskeɪp] just in time.
He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later.
This time, he managed to climb [klaɪm] into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure [ˈmeʒə(r)] temperatures [ˈtemprətʃər].
Tazieff has often risked his life in this way.
He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.
分析
Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist , has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world.
- simple sentence:
- Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist
[subject] - has spent sth (in) doing sth
[predicate verb phrase][present perfect tense] - his lifetime
[object] - studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world
[doing as object complement]- studying
[doing] - active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world
[object]- in all parts of the world
[propositional phrase as attributive]
- in all parts of the world
- studying
- Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist
- knowledge:
- lifetime
- n. 一辈子; 一生
- active + volcano
- n. 活火山
- spend + sth.① + in + sth.②
- v. 花费...[于/在]...
- spend sth doing sth
- spend (in) doing sth. 花时间或钱做某事花费
- spend on sth
- lifetime
In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.
- complex sentence:
- In 1948
[adverbial of time] - he
[subject] - went to
[predicate verb phrase] - Lake Kivu in the Congo
[object]- in the Congo
[prepositional object phrase as attributive]=> Lake Kivu
- in the Congo
- to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro
[to-do as adverbial of purpose]- observe
[predicate verb phrase] - a new volcano
[object] - which + clause
[attributive clause]- he
[subject] - later
[adverbial] - named
[predicate verb phrase] - Kituro
- he
- observe
- In 1948
- knowledge:
- 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词、名词，此外还有代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句等相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。
Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently .
- complex sentence:
- Tazieff
[subject] - was able to set up
[predicate verb phrase] - his camp
[object] - very close to the volcano
[adverbial of accompany] - while it was erupting violently
[adverbial clause of time]- it
[subject] - was erupting
[past continuous tense] - violently
[adverbial]
- it
- Tazieff
- knowledge:
- be. + able + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 能够..., 有能力..., 胜任...
- set + up + sth.
- vt. 创建..., 建立..., 创办...; 组装..., 拼装...; 使...准备就绪, 使...可供使用; 资助...; 推举..., 选拔...; 使...营养充沛; 使...中圈套; 陷害...
- be. + able + to + do. + (sth.)
Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long.
- complex sentence:
- Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs
- though + clause
[adverbial clause of concession] - he
[subject] - managed to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to take a number of brilliant photographs
[to-do as object]- take
[verb] - a number of brilliant photographs
[object]
- take
- though + clause
- he could not stay near the volcano for very long
- he
[subject] - could not stay
[link verb] - near the volcano
[predicative] - for very long
[adverbial of time]
- he
- Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs
- knowledge:
- though 引导的状语从句
- 这是一个状语结构。
- manage + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 设法做到..., 设法完成...
- though 引导的状语从句
He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.
- complex sentence:
- He noticed that + object clause
- he
[subject] - noticed
[predicate verb phrase] - that + clause
[object clause]
- he
- a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.
- a river of liquid rock
[subject] - was coming {
[prepositional object phrase]}[predicate verb phrase] - towards him
[prepositional object phrase]
- a river of liquid rock
- He noticed that + object clause
- knowledge:
- liquid + sth.
- n. 液体的..., 透明的..., 明亮的..., 流动的..., 易变的...
- liquid + sth.
It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time.
- compound sentence: 眼看就要将他围住，但是他还是设法及时逃离了。
- It threatened to surround him completely
- it
[subject] - threatened to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to surround him completely
[to-do as object]
- it
- but
- Tazieff managed to escape just in time.
- Tazieff
[subject] - managed to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to escape
[to-do as object] - just in time
[adverbial of time]
- Tazieff
- It threatened to surround him completely
- knowledge:
- threaten + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 威胁...; 扬言要...; 预示着..., 有...的危险
- manage + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 设法做到..., 设法完成...
- just + in + time
- prep. 正好[赶上], 恰巧; 分秒不差
- threaten + to + do. + (sth.)
He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later.
- compound sentence:
- He waited until the volcano became quiet
- he
[subject] - waited
[predicate verb phrase] - until the volcano became quiet
[adverbial clause of time]- the volcano
[subject] - became
[link verb] - quiet
[predicative][adjective]
- the volcano
- he
- and
- He was able to return two days later
- he
[subject] - was able to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to return two days later
[to-do as object]- return
[predicate verb phrase] - two days later
[adverbial of time]
- return
- he
- He waited until the volcano became quiet
This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measures temperatures .
- complex sentence:
- This time
[adverbial of time] - he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro
- he
[subject] - managed to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to climb into the mouth of Kituro
[to-do as object]- climb into
[verb phrase] - the mouth of Kituro
[object]
- climb into
- he
- so that he could take photographs and measures temperatures .
- so that +
[adverbial clause of purpose ] - he could take photographs
- and
- he could take measures temperatures
- so that +
- This time
- knowledge:
- manage + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 设法做到..., 设法完成...
- manage + to + do. + (sth.)
Tazieff has often risked his life in this way.
- simple sentence:
- Tazieff
[subject] - has often risked
[predicate verb phrase] - his life
[object] - in this way
[adverbial of manner]
- Tazieff
- knowledge:
- in + this + way
- prep. 以这种方法, 用这个方法, 就这样, 这样
- risk + one's + life
- v. 拼死，冒着生命的危险
- in + this + way
He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.
- simple sentence:
- He
[subject] - has been able to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive
[to-do as object]- tell
[verb] - us
[object] - more about active volcanoes than any man alive
[object complement]
- tell
- He