Lesson 61 Trouble with the Hubble
Lesson 61 Trouble with the Hubble
中文
哈勃望远镜的困境
哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空，耗资10多亿美元。
从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题。
它传送给我们的图像很令人失望，因为它的主要镜子有误差。
国家航天局准备纠正这一错误，为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜。
“奋进”号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃。
当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时，“奋进”号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它。
当然，哈勃位于地球的大气层之外，因此，它很快就会给我们传送我们所见到过的、有关行星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片。
哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情。
等到你读到这篇文章时，敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片。
Endeavour
英文
The Hubble [ˈhʌb(ə)l] telescope [ˈtelɪskəʊp] was launched [lɔːntʃt] into space by NASA on April 20, 1990 at a cost [kɒst] of over a billion dollars.
Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble.
The pictures it sent us were very disappointing [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ] because its main [meɪn] mirror was faulty.
NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending four astronauts [ˈæstrəˌnɔt] to repair it.
The shuttle [ˈʃʌt(ə)l] Endeavour [ɪnˈdevə(r)] will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble.
A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs.
Of course, the Hubble is above [əˈbʌv] the earth's atmosphere [ˈætməsfɪə(r)], so it will soon be sending us the clearest [klɪrɪst] pictures of the stars and distant galaxies [ˈɡæləksiz] that we have ever seen.
The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe.
By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle [ˈiːɡ(ə)l] eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures.
分析
The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20, 1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars.
- simple sentence:
- The Hubble telescope
[subject] - was launched {
[propositional object phrase]}[predicate verb phrase][passive form of verb]``[past simple tense] - into space
[propositional object phrase] - by NASA
[adverbial of manner] - on April 20 1990
[adverbial of time] - at a cost of cover a billion dollars
[adverbial of manner]
- The Hubble telescope
- knowledge:
- at + the + cost + of + sth.
- prep. 以...为代价; 用...换来的
- at + the + cost + of + sth.
Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble.
- simple sentence:
- Right from the start
[adverbial] - there was
[there be] - trouble with the Hubble
[real subject]
- Right from the start
- knowledge:
- there be
- right from the start 从最开始
The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty !
- complex sentence:
- The pictures it sent us were very disappointing
- The pictures it sent us
[subject]- it sent us
[attributive clause]
- it sent us
- were
[be verb] - very disappointing
[predicative][adjective]
- The pictures it sent us
- because its main mirror was faulty
- because + clause
[adverbial clause of cause] - it main mirror was faulty
- its main mirror
[subject] - was
[be verb] - faulty
[predicative]
- its main mirror
- because + clause
- The pictures it sent us were very disappointing
NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it.
- compound sentence:
- NASA is now going to put the telescope right
- NASA
[subject] - now
[adverbial of time] - is going to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to put the telescope right
[object]
- NASA
- so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it
- so
[conjunction] - it
[subject] - will soon be sending up to do
[predicate verb phrase][future simple tense][passive form of verb] - four astronauts
[object] - to repair it
[adverbial of purpose]
- so
- NASA is now going to put the telescope right
- knowledge:
- be. + going + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. (主观)[将要/打算/计划]...(做某事); (客观)[将/要]...(发生某事)
- put + sth. + right
- v. 校正, 纠正, 治愈
- send {preposition} + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 派某人去做
- be. + going + to + do. + (sth.)
The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble.
- simple sentence:
- The shuttle Endeavour
[subject] - will be taking sth. to sth.
[predicate verb phrase][future continuous tense] - the astronauts
[direct object] - to the Hubble
[prepositional object phrase]
- The shuttle Endeavour
- knowledge:
- take + sth.① + to + sth.② 这是一个动词短语。
- 介宾短语:
- 由介词加上后面的名词、代词或名词短语组成。用来修饰或补充说明动词。
A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs.
- complex sentence:
- A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope
- A robot-arm from the Endeavour
[subject]- from the Endeavour
[attributive]
- from the Endeavour
- will grab
[predicate verb phrase][future simple tense] - the telescope
[object]
- A robot-arm from the Endeavour
- and
- A robot-arm hold it
- A robot-arm
[subject] - hold
[predicate verb phrase] - it
[object]
- A robot-arm
- while the astronauts make the necessary repairs
- while + clause
[adverbial clause of time] - the astronauts
[subject] - make
[predicate verb phrase] - the necessary repairs
[object]
- while + clause
- A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope
Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere , so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen.
- compound sentence:
- Of course
[adverbial] - the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere
- the Hubble
[subject] - is
[be verb] - above the earth's atmosphere
[predicative][noun phrase]
- the Hubble
- so
[conjunction] - it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars
- it
[subject] - will soon be sending
[predicate verb phrase][future continuous tense] - us
[indirect object] - the clearest pictures of the stars
[direct object][noun phrase]
- it
- and
[conjunction] - it will soon be sending us the distant galaxies that we have ever seen
- it
[subject] - will soon be sending
[predicate verb phrase][future continuous tense] - us
[indirect object] - distant galaxies that we have ever seen
[direct object]
- it
- Of course
The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe.
- complex sentence:
- The Hubble
[subject] - will tell
[predicate verb phrase][future simple tense] - us
[indirect object] - a great deal about the age and size of the universe
[direct object]
- The Hubble
- knowledge:
- a + great + deal
- adv. 大量
- a + size + of + sth.
- tell + sth.① + about + sth.②
- v. 告诉...关于...
- a + great + deal
By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures.
- complex sentence:
- By the time you read this
- by the time + clause
[adverbial clause of time]- you read this
- by the time + clause
- the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures
- the Hubble's eagle eye
[subject] - will have sent
[future perfect tense] - us
[indirect object] - thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures
[direct object]
- the Hubble's eagle eye
- By the time you read this
- knowledge:
- by + the + time prep. 到...的时候, 截至...
- by the time you read this
- by + 时间，表示截止到...时间，与完成时连用
- by the time + 句子 引导时间状语从句
- you read this，时间状语从句中，一般现在时表将来
- by the time + 句子 一般现在时 截止到将来，主句用将来完成时
- the Hubble telescope
- at a cost of 造价为
- right from the start, 从最开始。
- put sth. right 修好、矫正、修复
- There be + n + 介词短语
- There is a girl in the classroom
- There are problems in front of us.
- 分析句子：
- 标注化的步骤：
- 找谓语动词短语
- 标点符号
- 关键词
- 分析主谓
- The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because it main mirror was faulty !
- because it main mirror was faulty
- The pictures it sent us were very disappointing
- 主 （主 谓） 谓
- it sent us 从句
- n + 从句， 关系词被省略，一定是定语从句
- 主 （主 谓） 谓
- 标注化的步骤：
- By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures.
- by the time you read this
- by + 时间，表示截止到...时间，与完成时连用
- by the time + 句子 引导时间状语从句
- you read this，时间状语从句中，一般现在时表将来
- by the time + 句子 一般现在时 截止到将来，主句用将来完成时
- by the time you read this
- 将来完成时，考点：
- by + 时间
- by the time + 句子