Lesson 59 In or Out?
Lesson 59 In or Out?
中文
进来还是出去？
我家的狗雷克斯，过去常坐在大门外面叫。
每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。
由于邻居们对狗叫很有意见，所以我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练它用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。
雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。
然而上星期我正要出去买东西时，发现它正呆在花园里边靠门的地方。
这次它叫着让人把它放出去！
从那以后，它养成了另外一种坏习惯。
它从外面把门一打开，就走进花园，等着门自动关上。
这之后他就坐下汪汪叫起来，直到有人来把它放出去。
出去之后，它又马上把自己放进来，接着再开始叫。
昨天，我丈夫把门卸了下来，雷克斯很生气，此后我们便再也没有见到它。
英文
Our dog, Rex, used [juːst] to sit [sɪt] outside our front gate and bark.
Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.
As the neighbours [ˈneɪbɜ:rz] complained [kəmˈpleɪnd] of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw [pɔː] on the latch [lætʃ] to let himself in.
Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.
However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate.
This time he was barking so that someone would let him out!
Since then, he has developed [dɪˈveləpt] another bad habit.
As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes [ˈkɒmz] into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.
Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out.
After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again.
Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed [əˈnɔɪd] we have not seen him since.
分析
Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark.
- compound sentence:
- Our dog used to sit outside our front gate
- Our dog, Rex
[subject] - used to sit
[predicate verb phrase] - outside our front gate
[adverbial of place]
- Our dog, Rex
- and
- Our dog used to bark
- Our dog
[subject] - used to bark
[predicate verb phrase]
- Our dog
- Our dog used to sit outside our front gate
- knowledge:
- used + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. (过去)常常...
- v. (not)不常...
- v. (never)从来没有..., 从未...
- used + to + do. + (sth.)
Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.
- complex sentence:
- he would bark until someone opened the gate
- he would bark
- he
[subject] - would bark
[predicate verb phrase]
- he
- until + clause
- someone opened the gate
- he would bark
- every time he wanted to come into the garden
[adverbial of manner]- every time
[sth] - he wanted to come into the garden
[attributive clause]- he
[subject] - wanted {to do}
[predicate verb phrase] - to come into the garden
[to-do as object]
- he
- every time
- he would bark until someone opened the gate
- knowledge:
- want + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 想要...(做某事)
- come + into + sth.
- v. 进入, 得到, 继承
- want + to + do. + (sth.)
As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in.
- complex sentence:
- as the neighbours complained of the noise
- as + clause
[adverbial of time] - the neighbours complained of the noise
- the neighbours
[subject] - complained of
[predicate verb phrase] - the noise
[object]
- the neighbours
- as + clause
- my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in
- my husband
[subject] - spent sth. doing sth.
[predicate verb phrase] - week
[object] - training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in
[doing as object complement]- training sb to do sth
[predicate verb phrase] - him
[direct subject] - press his paw on the latch to let himself in
[direct object]- press sth on sb
[predicate verb phrase] - his paw
[subject] - on the latch
[adverbial] - to let himself in
[adverbial of purpose]
- press sth on sb
- training sb to do sth
- my husband
- as the neighbours complained of the noise
- knowledge:
- complain + of + sth.
- v. 抱怨...
- spend + sth.① + doing. + (sth.)
- v. 花费...(某物)...(做某事); 消耗...(某物)...(做某事)
- train + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
- press + sth. + on + sb.
- complain + of + sth.
Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.
- simple sentence:
- Rex
[subject] - become
[link verb] - an export at opening the gate
[predicative][noun phrase]
- Rex
- knowledge:
- expert + at + sth.
- n. 善于
- expert + at + sth.
However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate.
- complex sentence:
- however
- when i was going out shopping last week
- when + clause
[adverbial of time] - I was going out shopping last week
- I
[subject] - was going out
[predicate verb phrase][past continuous tense] - shopping
[adverbial of accompany] - last week
[adverbial of time]
- I
- when + clause
- I noticed him in the garden near the gate
- I
[subject] - noticed
[predicate verb phrase] - him
[object] - in the garden neat the gate
[adverbial of place]- nate the gate
[attributive]
- nate the gate
- I
- knowledge:
- 动词(或动词短语) + 现在分词作伴随状语, 两者同时发生
- go + out
- v. 出去, 熄灭, 过时, 辞职, 倒塌, 罢工
This time he was barking so that someone would let him out!
- simple sentence:
- this time he was barking
- this time
[adverbial of time] - he was barking
- he
[subject] - was barking
[predicate verb phrase][past continuous tense]
- he
- this time
- so that someone would let him out
- so that + clause
[adverbial of purpose]- someone would let him out
- someone
[subject] - would let sth out
[predicate verb phrase] - him
[object]
- someone
- someone would let him out
- so that + clause
- this time he was barking
- knowledge:
- This time he was barking so that someone would let him out.
- so that 引导结果状语从句
- so that 引导目的状语从句，从句中有情态动词
- so ... that ... 引导结果状语从句，太...怎么样
- let + sth. + out
- vt. 放掉(水/气), 泄露, 放大(衣服), 解雇, 放学, 散场, 表达, 发出(声音), 出租, 喘气
Since then, he has developed another bad habit.
- simple sentence:
- since then
[adverbial of time] - he has developed another bad habit
- he
[subject] - has developed
[predicate verb phrase]``[present perfect tense] - another bad habit
[object]
- he
- since then
- knowledge:
- since + then
- prep. 从那以来, 从此
- develop + a + habit
- v. 养成一个习惯
- a + bad + habit
- n. 坏习惯; 恶习
- since + then
As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.
- complex sentence:
- as soon as he opens the gate from the outside
- as soon as + clause
[adverbial of manner] - he opens the gate from the outside
- he
[subject] - opens
[predicate verb phrase] - the gate
[object] - from the outside
[adverbial of place]
- he
- as soon as + clause
- he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts
- he comes into the garden
- he
[subject] - comes into
[predicate verb phrase] - the garden
[object]
- he
- and
- he waits until the gate shuts
- he
[subject] - waits
[predicate verb phrase] - until the gate shuts
[adverbial clause of time]
- he
- he comes into the garden
- as soon as he opens the gate from the outside
Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out.
- complex sentence:
- then
[adverb of time] - he sits
- and
- he barks until someone lets him out
- he
[subject] - barks
[predicate verb phrase] - until someone lets him out
[adverbial clause of time]- someone lets him out
- someone
[subject] - lets sth out
[predicate verb phrase] - him
[object]
- someone
- someone lets him out
- he
- then
- knowledge:
- let + sth. + out
- vt. 放掉(水/气), 泄露, 放大(衣服), 解雇, 放学, 散场, 表达, 发出(声音), 出租, 喘气
- let + sth. + out
After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again.
- compound sentence:
- after this
- he immediately lets himself in
- he
- immediately
- lets sth. in
- himself
- and
- he begins barking again
- he
[subject] - begins {doing}
[predicate verb phrase] - barking again
[doing as object]
- he
- knowledge:
- after + this
- prep. 此后
- begin + doing. + (sth.)
- v. 开始...(做某事)
- again adv.
- 再一次；复原；<非正式>请再说一遍；不过，然而（then again）；增加，多
- after + this
Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed (that) we have not seen him since.
- complex sentence:
- Yesterday
[adverbial of time] - my husband removed the gate
- my husband
[subject] - removed
[predicate verb phrase] - the gate
[object]
- my husband
- and
- Rex got so annoyed (that) we have not seen him since
- Rex
[subject] - got
[link verb] - so annoyed [adjective]
- (that) we have not seen him since
[adverbial clause of result]- we
[subject] - have not seen
[predicate verb phrase][present perfect tense] - him
[object] - since
[adverbial of time]
- we
- Rex
- Yesterday
- knowledge:
- so + adj. + (that) + 结果状语从句
- get + adj.
- v. 逐渐变得...
- used to do 过去常常做某事
- complained of sth. 抱怨什么
- spend + sth. + on sth / doing sth.
- train sb. to do sth.
- to do 表示目的，跟上完整的一句话
- I am coming to see you.
- go out shopping 出去购物
- every time 此处是连词，每当，无论何时，引出时间状语从句
- Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.
- become an expert at 作为.....的能手
- This time he was barking so that someone would let him out.
- so that 引导结果状语从句
- so that 引导目的状语从句，从句中有情态动词
- so ... that ... 引导结果状语从句，太...怎么样
- Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.
- so annoyed that 状语从句，表示结果，that被省略了
- habit:
- get sb. into the habit of
- remove
- remove sb. from sth. 免去某人职务
- remove sth. from sth. 清除某物
- every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until some opened the gate
- every time he wanted to come into the garden
- he would bark
- someone opened the gate
- he soon became an expert at opening the gate.
- be expert at
- be good at
- be proficient in
- develop a bad / good habit
- 表示目的：
- 词组：主语一致
- to do
- in order to do
- so as to do
- 句子：状语从句，从句中有情态动词。
- so that + 句子
- in order that + 句子
- 英语里表示目的的方法：
- 动词不定式做目的状语：
- I come here to pick up my son.
- 目的状语从句主要由 that、so that、in order that、lest、for fear that、in case
- 目的状语从句有时可用so或者so that引起
- 目的状语与不定式的转换
- 英语中的目的状语从句，还可以变为不定式，或者不定式短语做状语，从而在句子结构上得到简化。
- we'll start early in order that we may arrive in time
- we'll start early in order to arrive in time.
- 英语中的目的状语从句，还可以变为不定式，或者不定式短语做状语，从而在句子结构上得到简化。
- 动词不定式做目的状语：
- 词组：主语一致