Lesson 49 The end of a dream

大约 5 分钟

Lesson 49 The end of a dream

中文

美梦告终

德黑兰的一个人年轻人由于对睡地板感到厌倦，于是积蓄多年买了一张真正的床。

他平生第一次自豪地拥有了一张既有弹簧又带床垫的床。

由于天气很热，他便把床搬到了他的屋顶上。

头两天晚上，他睡得非常好。但第三天晚上起了风暴。

一阵大风把床从屋顶上刮了下来，把它摔碎在下面的院子里。

那年轻人直到床撞到地上才醒了过来。

尽管床摔成了碎片，但年轻人却奇迹地没有受伤。

他醒来时，仍然躺在床垫上。

年轻人看了一眼周围的碎木片和碎金属片，伤心地捡起了床垫，把它拿进了屋。

他把床垫往地板上一放，很快又睡着了。

英文

Tried of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran [teˈrɑːn] saved up for years to buy a real bed.

For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.

Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house.

He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew [bluː] up.

A gust of wind [wɪnd] swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard [ˈkɔːtjɑːd] below.

The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground.

Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously [mɪˈrækjələsli] unhurt.

When he woke up, he was still on the mattress.

Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.

After he had put it on the floor, he promptly [ˈprɒmptli] went to sleep again.

分析

Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran [teˈrɑːn] saved up for years to buy a real bed.

  • simple sentence:
    • (Being) Tried of sleeping on the floor [doing as adverbial of cause]
    • a young man [subject]
    • saved up [predicate verb phrase]
    • for years [adverbial of time]
    • to buy a real bed [adverbial of place]

For the first time in his life, he became [bɪˈkeɪm] the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.

  • simple sentence:
    • for the first time in his life
    • he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.
      • he [subject]
      • became [link verb]
      • the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress [predicative]
      • which had springs and a mattress [attributive] => bed
        • which [subject]
        • had [predicate verb phrase]
        • springs and a mattress [object]
  • knowledge:
    • for the first time 第一次；固定搭配
    • in his life 在他的一生中
    • in one's life 在..生活中；在...一生中；有生以来

Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on the roof of his house.

  • simple sentence:
    • because + sentence
    • the weather [subject]
    • was [be verb] [past simple tense]
    • very hot [predicative]
    • he carried the bed on the roof of his house
      • he [subject]
      • carried [predicate verb phrase]
      • the bed [object]
      • on the roof of his house [adverbial of purpose]
  • knowledge:
    • because + 句子
    • because of + 短语

He slept [slept] very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew [bluː] up.

  • simple sentence:
    • he slept very well for the first two nights
      • he [subject]
      • slept [predicate verb phrase] [past simple tense]
      • very well [adverbial of manner]
      • for the first two nights [adverbial of time]
    • on the third night，a storm blew up
      • on the third night [adverbial of time]
      • a storm [subject]
      • blew up [predicate verb phrase]

A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard [ˈkɔːtjɑːd] below.

  • compound sentence:
    • a gust of wind swept the bed off the roof
      • a gust of wind [subject]
      • swept [predicate verb phrase] [past simple tense]
      • the bed [object]
      • off the roof [adverbial of manner]
    • a gust of wind sent it crashing into the courtyard below.
      • a gust of wind [subject]
      • sent [predicate verb phrase]
      • it [object]
      • crashing into the courtyard below [doing phrase as object complement]

The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck [strʌk] the ground.

  • compound sentence:
    • not ... until 直到才
    • The young man did not wake up
      • The young man [subject]
      • did not wake up [predicate verb phrase] [past simple tense]
    • the bed had struck the ground
      • the bed [subject]
      • had struck [predicate verb phrase]
      • the ground [object]

Although [ɔːlˈðəʊ] the bed was smashed to pieces/'pi:sɪz/, the man was miraculously unhurt [ʌnˈhɜːt].

  • complex sentence:
    • Although the bed was smashed to pieces
      • Although + clause [adverbial clause]
      • the bed [subject]
      • was smashed [predicate verb phrase]
      • to pieces [adverbial]
    • the man was miraculously unhurt
      • the man [subject]
      • was unhurt [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
      • miraculously [adverbial of manner]

When he woke up, he was still on the mattress.

  • complex sentence:
    • when he woke up
      • when + clause [adverbial clause of time]
      • he woke up
    • he was still on the mattress
      • he [subject]
      • was [be verb]
      • on the mattress [prepositional object phrase]

Glancing [ˈɡlɑːnsɪŋ] at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.

  • complex sentence:
    • Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him
      • Glancing at [doing phrase as adverbial]
      • the bits of wood and metal [object]
      • that lay around him [attributive clause]
    • the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house - the man sadly picked up the mattress - the man [subject] - picked up [predicate verb phrase] - sadly [adverbial] - the matters [object] - the man carried it into his house - the man [subject] - carried [predicate verb phrase] - it [object] - into his house [adverbial of manner]

After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.

  • complex sentence:
    • after he had put it on the floor
      • after + clause [adverbial clause of time]
    • he promptly went to sleep again.
      • he [subject]
      • go to sleep [predicate verb phrase]
        • went + [prepositional object phrase]
        • to sleep [prepositional object phrase]
      • promptly/again [adverbial]

  • be tired of 对...感到厌烦

    • Being tried of sleeping on the floor. 原因状语。

  • save up verb accumulate money for future use

  • blow up

  • not ... until

  • a gust of wind 一阵风

  • 非谓语：

    • what?
      • 因为有谓语了，再出现动词就不能做谓语了， 不作谓语的动词
    • when?
      • 一主一谓之后出现的动词
    • how?
      • doing or done to do
      • 主动、被动、目的
      • 做定语、状语、宾语等等。
    • 步骤：
      • 要不要用非谓语，是否已经有了主谓。
      • 找参照物，名词，就近，就远。
      • 根据参照物，逻辑判定主动还是被动。
  • 分词做状语：
    • 分词：
      • doing / done
    • 作状语：修饰动词、句子
      • 表示描述性的信息
      • 时间、地点、方式等
    • 分词做状语，是状语从句的省略。
      • doing分词做状语，表示的是主动，与主语主句之间的关系
      • done分词做状语，表示的是被动，与主句主语之间的关系
  • 分词做定语：主动还是被动，要判定修饰名词之间的关系
    • a passing plane
    • a used car
  • 分词作定语和分词做状语：=> 非谓语
    • 相同：
      • doing 表示主动
      • done 表示被动
    • 不同点：
      • 做定语，修饰名词
      • 做状语，修饰句子主语
    • 技巧：
      • 找参照物，就近，就远
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贡献者: biezhihua