Lesson 43 Over the South Pole
Lesson 43 Over the South Pole
中文
飞越南极
美国探险家 R.E. 伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第一次飞越了南极。
虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。
在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。
只有在飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。
伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉。
于是飞机可以上升了，它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。
伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了，因为前面再没有山了。
飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫无际的白色原野！
英文
In 1929, three years after his flight [flaɪt] over the North [nɔːθ] Pole [pəʊl], the American explorer [ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)], R.E.Byrd [bɜːd], successfully flew [fluː] over the South[saʊθ] Pole [pəʊl] for the first time.
Though [ðəʊ], at first, Byrd and his men were able to take great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10000 feet.
Byrd at once ordered [ˈɔːdəd] his men to throw out two heavy food sacks [sæks]. The plane was then able to rise [raɪz] and it cleared [klɪəd] the mountains by 400 feet.
Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight.
The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains [pleɪnz] without difficulty.
分析
In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E.Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.
- simple sentence:
- In 1929
[adverbial of time] - three years after his flight over the North Pole
[adverbial clause of time]- three years after
[adverbial of time] - his flight over the North Pole
[attributive clause]
- three years after
- the American explorer, R.E.Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time
- the American explorer, R.E.Byrd
[subject] - successfully
[adverbial] - flew over
[predicate verb phrase] - the South Pole
[object] - for the first time
[adverbial of time]
- the American explorer, R.E.Byrd
- In 1929
- knowledge:
- fly + over + sth.
- v. 飘扬, 飘荡
- for + the + first + time
- prep. 第一次
- fly + over + sth.
Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
- complex sentence:
- Though
- at first
- Byrd and his men were able to take great many photographs of the mountains that lay below
- Byrd and his men
[subject] - were able to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to take great many photographs of the mountains that lay below
[to-do as object]- take
[predicate verb phrase] - great many photographs of the mountains that lay below
[object]- that lay below
[attributive claus]=> the mountains
- that lay below
- take
- Byrd and his men
- they soon ran into serious trouble
- they
[subject] - soon
[adverbial] - ran into
[predicate verb phrase] - serious trouble
[object]
- they
- knowledge:
- be. + able + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 能够..., 有能力..., 胜任...
- take + a + photograph + of + sth.
- v. 摄
- run + into + sth.
- v. 跑进..., 冲入...; 撞上..., 与...发生碰撞; 偶然[遇到/发现]...; [陷入/遭受/招致/带来]...(情况/状态); [猛]增至..., [暴]涨至..., 增长到...; 紧接着...
- be. + able + to + do. + (sth.)
At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
- complex sentence:
- it seemed certain + clause
- that their plane would crash
[object clause]
- knowledge:
- seem + adj.
- v. 好像...; 似乎...
- It + is + certain + (for + sb.) + (that) + 宾语从句
- that their plane would crash 宾语从句
- 宾语从句：
- 位置：句首、句尾
- 写法：同宾语从句
- seem + adj.
It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10.000 feet.
- complex sentence: 只有升到1万英尺的高度，它才能越过山脉。
- if it rose to 10.000 feet
- if + clause
- it
[subject] - rose to
[predicate verb phrase] - 10000 feet
[object]
- It could only get over the mountains
- it
[subject] - only
[adverbial] - could get {
[propositional object phrase]}[predicate verb phrase] - over the mountains
[propositional object phrase]
- it
- if it rose to 10.000 feet
- knowledge:
- get + over + sth.
Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks.
- simple sentence:
- Byrd
[subject] - at once
[adverbial] - ordered sb to sth
[predicate verb phrase] - his men
[direct object] - to throw out two heavy food sacks
[to-do as object]- throw out
[predicate verb phrase] - two heavy food sacks
[object]
- throw out
- Byrd
- knowledge:
- order + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 命令...(某人)...(做某事)
- throw + out + sth.
- vt. 伸出, 扔掉, 说出, 解雇, 拒绝, 显示, 散发出, 放出, 派出, 使延伸, 打扰, 使出局
- order + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.
- compound sentence:
- The plane was then able to rise
- the plane
[subject] - then
[adverbial] - was able to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to rise
[object]
- the plane
- and
- it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.
- it
[subject] - cleared
[predicate verb phrase] - the mountains
[object] - by 400 feet
[adverbial of manner]
- it
- The plane was then able to rise
- knowledge:
- cleared
- v. 使干净；证明......无罪；清除；批准，通过（clear的过去式和过去分词）
- by 表示相差
- cleared
Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight.
- complex sentence:
- Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away
- now
[adverbial of time] - Byrd
[subject] - knew
[predicate verb phrase] - that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away
[object clause]- he
[subject] - would be able to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away
[to-do as object]- reach
[predicate verb phrase] - the South Pole which was 300 miles away
[object] - which was 300 miles away
[attributive clause]- which
[subject] - was
[be verb] - 300 miles away
[predicative][noun phrase]
- which
- reach
- he
- now
- for there were no more mountains in sight
- for + clause
[adverbial clause of cause] - there were
[there be] - noe more mountains in sight
[real subject]
- for + clause
- Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away
- knowledge:
- be. + able + to + do. + (sth.)
- v. 能够..., 有能力..., 胜任...
- 是一个陈述句，其时态可以是一般过去时、一般过去将来时、一般现在时、一般将来时很多时候，含情态动词would的句子的时态并不能完全确定，需在语义、前后句子中进一步获得信息。
- be. + able + to + do. + (sth.)
The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.
- simple sentence:
- The aircraft
[subject] - was able to do
[predicate verb phrase] - to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty
[to-do as object]- fly over
[predicate verb phrase] - the endless white plains
[object] - without difficulty
[adverbial of manner]
- fly over
- The aircraft
- knowledge:
- without + difficulty
- prep. 容易地, 毫不费力地
- without + difficulty
- flight v. 飞行 n. 航班
- explorer n. 探险家、探测器
- explore v. 探测、探险
- exploration v. 考察、探险
- adventure
- lie/ lay/ lain
- 躺、位于、处于
- lie lied lied
- 说谎
- the North Pole
- the South Pole
- be able to / can
- 相同点：都表示能力，能够
- 不同点：
- 表示已经成果做到的，用was/were able to, 不用could
- can可以表示猜测，允许
- that lay below 下面的山，定语从句
- get over the mountains
- it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.
- by 表示相差
- for there were no more mountains in sight. for表原因
- 前果后因 for
- ... without difficulty. 伴随着没有困难