Lesson 17 Always young

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Lesson 17 Always young

中文

我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员，她至少也有35岁了。

尽管如此，她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。

詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出。

这一次，她将扮演一个17岁的少女。

演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。

去年在演另一个剧时，她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服。

一旦有人问起她有多大年纪，她总是回答：“亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊！”

英文

My aunt Jennifer is an actress [ˈæktrəs]. She must be at least thirty-five years old.

In spite [spaɪt] of this, she often [ˈɒf(ə)n] appears on the stage as a young girl.

Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.

This time, she will be a girl of seventeen.

In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.

Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks [sɒks] and a bright, orange-color dress.

If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, "Darling, it must be terrible [ˈterəb(ə)l] to be grown [ɡrəʊn] up!"

分析

My aunt Jennifer is an actress.

  • simple sentence:
    • My aunt Jennifer [subject]
    • is [be verb]
    • an actress [predicative] [noun phrase]

She must be at least thirty-five years old.

  • simple sentence:
    • she [subject]
    • must be [predicate verb phrase]
    • at least thirty-five years old [predicative] [noun phrase]
  • knowledge:
    • at + least + ...
      • adv 至少..., 起码...; 不管怎样...
    • must be
      • 表示对现在情况的一种推测，带有一定肯定的程度。

In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl.

  • complex sentence:
    • in spite of this
    • she often appears on the stage
      • she [subject]
      • often [frequently adverb]
      • appears [predicate verb phrase]
      • on the stage [adverbial of place]
    • as a young girl
      • as + clause [adverbial clause of manner]
  • knowledge:
    • in spite of 尽管

Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.

  • simple sentence:
    • Jennifer [subject]
    • will have to do [predicate verb phrase] [future simple tense]
    • to take part in a new play soon [to-do as object]
      • take part in [predicate verb phrase]
      • a new play [object]
      • soon [adverbial]
  • knowledge:
    • will + have + to + do.
      • v. 将[必须、不得不]...(做某事)
    • take + part + in + sth.
      • v. 参与..., 参加...

This time, she will be a girl of seventeen.

  • complex sentence:
    • This time [adverbial of time]
    • she will be a girl of seventeen.
      • she [subject]
      • will be [be verb]
      • a girl of seventeen [predicative] [noun phrase]

In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.

  • complex sentence:
    • In the play [adverbial of place]
    • she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.
      • she [subject]
      • must appear in [predicate verb phrase]
      • a bright red dress and long black stockings [object]
  • knowledge:
    • in + the + play
      • prep. 在剧中, 在戏中
      • prep. (in play) 在比赛中, 处于比赛状态; 在[起作用、产生影响]; 卷入; 开玩笑地, 不认真地; 活动中, 忙碌中; (公司)处于被并购状态 体育在有效位置, 在界内, 有效可继续
    • appear + in + sth.
      • v. 在(某处)出现; 表演; 出庭; 出版, 发表

Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress.

  • complex sentence:
    • Last year in another play [adverbial]
      • last year
      • in another play
    • he had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress.
      • he [subject]
      • had to do [predicate verb phrase]
      • to wear short socks and a bright orange-coloured dress [to-do as object]
        • wear [predicate verb phrase]
        • wear short socks and a bright orange-coloured dress [object]

If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up'.

  • complex sentence:
    • If anyone ever asks her how old she is
      • anyone ever asks her how old she is
        • anyone [subject]
        • asks sb sth [predicate verb phrase]
        • her [direct object]
        • how old she is [indirect object]
    • she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up'.
      • she [subject]
      • always [frequently adverb]
      • answers [predicate verb phrase]
      • 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up'. [object]
        • it [subject]
        • must be [be verb]
        • terrible [predicative] [adjective]
        • to be grown up [real subject]
  • knowledge:
    • It + is + terrible + (for + sb.) + to + do. + (sth.)
    • grown + up
      • adj. 成年的, 适于成年人的

  • must + be.

    • 这是一个动词短语。
      • 表示义务、意图或建议
        • 意为必须, 应该。
        • I must leave at six today. 我今天必须六点钟离开。
        • I must write a letter to the head teacher. 我非得给校长写封信不可。
        • You must go and see that film. You'd really enjoy it. 你得去看看那部电影，你会真的喜欢它的。
      • 表示推测
        • 意为必定, 一定。
        • The light is still on, so he must be at home. 灯还是亮的，他一定在家。
        • The light was out. They must have gone to bed. 灯都熄了，他们必定睡了。
      • 表示主张
        • 意为硬要, 一定要。
        • If you must go, at least wait till the rain stops. 如果你坚持要走，至少也要等雨停了再走。
        • The machine must break down at this busy hour. 正忙的时候机器偏偏坏了。
      • 表示不可避免性
        • 意为必然要, 必定会。
        • All men must die. 人总有一死。
      • 疑问句回复
        • 在回答must引起的一般疑问句时，如果需要使用否定的答复，可用don't have to或needn't(表示不必)，但不能用mustn't 。

  • must、have to 有何区别

    • must表示主观上认为必须做某事，侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。
    • have to表示客观上要求不得不做某事，侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。
      • I know I must study hard. 我知道我必须努力学习。
      • He said they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。
      • My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night. 我弟弟病得厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。

  • must

    • aux. （表示必要或很重要）必须；（用于表示肯定推测）一定，谅必；（提出建议）应该；（用于表示意图）一定要，坚持要；（用于表示同情）必定；（用于问句中表示生气）非要 ；（用于感叹句，表示惊讶或震惊）一定是
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贡献者: biezhihua