Lesson 10 Not For Jazz

中文

我们有一件古老的乐器,叫击弦古钢琴.

它是1681年德国制造的, 我们这架钢琴放在客厅里.

我们家拥有它很长时间了,这件乐器是许多年前我祖父买来的.

最近它被一位客人弄坏了,她用它弹奏爵士乐!

她按键太猛,把两根弦按断了.

我父亲为之震怒. 现在他不允许我们再碰它.

父亲的一位朋友正在修理这件古老的乐器.

英文

We have a old musial instrument. It is called [kɔːld] a clavichord.

It was made in Germany in 1681. Our **[ˈaʊə(r) clavichord is kept in the living room.

It has belonged [bɪˈlɒŋd] to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.

Recently it was damaged [ˈdæmɪdʒd] by a visitor [ˈvɪzɪtə(r)]. She tried to play jazz on it.

She struck the keys too hard and two of string were broken.

My father was shocked [ʃɒkt]. Now we are not allowed [əˈlaʊd] to touch it.

It is being repaired [rɪˈpeəd] by a friend of my father's.

分析

We have an old musical instrument.

• simple sentence：
  • we [subject]
  • have [predicate verb phrase]
  • an old musical instrument [object]

---

It is called a clavichord.

• simple sentence:
  • It [subject]
  • is called [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
  • a clavichord [object]

---

It was made in Germany in 1681.

• simple sentence:
  • It [subject]
  • was made [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
  • in Germany [adverbial of place]
  • in 1681 [adverbial of time]
• knowledge：
  • make + sth.① + in + sth.②
    • v. 在...制造...

---

Our [ɑː(r)] clavichord is kept [kept] in the living room.

• simple sentence:
  • our clavichord [subject]
  • is kept [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
  • in the living room [adverbial of place]

---

It has belonged to our family for a long time.

• simple sentence:
  • it [subject]
  • has belonged to [predicate verb phrase] [present perfect tense]
  • our family [object]
  • for a long time [adverbial of time]

---

The instrument was bought by grandfather many years ago.

• simple sentence:
  • The instrument [subject]
  • was bought [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb]
  • by grandfather [adverbial of manner]
  • many years ago [adverbial of time]

---

Recently it was damaged by a visitor.

• simple sentence:
  • Recently [adverbials of time]
  • it [subject]
  • was damaged [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb] [past simple tense]
  • by a visitor [adverbial of manner]

---

She tried to play jazz on it.

• simple sentence:
  • she [subject]
  • tried to do [predicate verb phrase]
  • to play jazz [non-predicate as object] [to do]
  • on it [adverbial of place]
• knowledge:
  • try + to + do. + (sth.)
    • v. 试着...; 尽力...

---

She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.

• compound sentence:
  • she struck the keys too hard
    • she [subject]
    • struck [predicate verb phrase]
    • the keys [object]
    • too hard [adverbial of manner]
  • and
  • two of the strings were broken
    • two of the strings [subject]
      • were broken [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb] [past simple tense]

---

My father was shocked.

• simple sentence:
  • my father [subject]
  • was shocked [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb] [past simple tense]

---

Now we are not allowed to touch it.

• simple sentence:
  • now [adverbial of time]
  • we [subject]
  • are not allowed [predicate verb phrase] [passive form of verb] [present simple tense]
  • to touch it [to-do as object]
• knowledge:
  • allow + sb. + to + do. + (sth.)
    • v. 允许...(某人)...(做某事)

---

It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.

• simple sentence:
  • It [subject]
  • is being repaired [predicate verb phrase] [present continuous tense] [passive form of verb]
  • by a friend of my father's [adverbial of manner]
    • of my father's [attribute]
  • knowledge:
    • a + friend + of + sth.
      • n. ...的朋友

---

• a friend of my father's 我父亲的一位朋友。通常用's和of结构来表示所有格。
  • 's的结构通常用在人名和表示人称的名词的末尾，而of结构则常与无生命的名词连用。
  • 同时使用's和of叫做双重所有格。